- スレッドを立てるまでもない質問スレッド Part 341
497 ：名無しさん＠英語勉強中 (中止 71cc-Yy9d)[]：2018/02/14(水) 10:40:57.66 ID:yRrv0o/20St.V - >>491
そういう能動態の形で受動態の意味になってるようなのを中動態と言うそうだ。
| - スレッドを立てるまでもない質問スレッド Part 341
498 ：名無しさん＠英語勉強中 (中止 71cc-Yy9d)[]：2018/02/14(水) 10:46:13.75 ID:yRrv0o/20St.V - Middle voice and passival https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_passive_voice#Passival
The term middle voice is sometimes used to refer to verbs used without
a passive construction, but in a meaning where the grammatical subject
is understood as undergoing the action. The meaning may be reflexive:
Fred shaved, i.e. Fred shaved himself
but is not always:
These cakes sell well, i.e. [we] sell these cakes [successfully]
The clothes are soaking, i.e. [the water] is soaking the clothes
Such verbs may also be called passival.
Another construction sometimes referred to as passival involves a wider
class of verbs, and was used in English until the nineteenth century.
Sentences having this construction feature progressive aspect and resemble
the active voice, but with meaning like the passive. Examples of this would be:
The house is building (modern English: The house is being built)
The meal is eating, (modern English: The meal is being eaten)
A rare example of the passival form being used in modern English is with
the following phrase:
The drums are beating, i.e. the drums are being beaten
This passival construction was displaced during the late 18th and early
19th century by the progressive passive (the form is being built as given above).
| - スレッドを立てるまでもない質問スレッド Part 341
508 ：名無しさん＠英語勉強中 (中止 71cc-Yy9d)[]：2018/02/14(水) 14:44:58.78 ID:yRrv0o/20St.V - 中動態はmediopassive voiceで、middle voiceは中間態か。
世界大百科事典：英語などではこの能動と受動の二つの態だけが
区別されるが，たとえばギリシア語などでは，さらに中間態
middle voiceが存在する。これは主語自身にその動作が及ぶことを
示すものであり…
中間態から受動態が生まれたらしい。
https://www.britannica.com/topic/voice-grammar
It is believed that proto-Indo-European distinguished between
an active and a middle voice, and it is from the latter that
the passive voice in later Indo-European languages developed.
The middle voice signifies either an action or a state in which
the principal interest is the subject of the verb....
|
|